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Sorbic acid, also known as 2,4-hexadienoic acid, is a naturally occurring organic compound employed as a food preservative. With a chemical formula of C6H8O2, sorbic acid exists as a colorless solid that exhibits slight solubility in water and readily undergoes sublimation. Its initial isolation took place from the unripe berries of the rowan tree (Sorbus aucuparia), serving as the origin for its nomenclature.
Introduction:
Sorbic acid, identified by its CAS number 110-44-1 or chemical name 2,4-hexadienoic acid, stands as a natural organic compound widely embraced for its role as a food preservative. With a chemical composition represented by C6H8O2, sorbic acid presents itself as a colorless solid, displaying slight solubility in water and a propensity for rapid sublimation. Its discovery traces back to the isolation from the unripe berries of the rowan tree (Sorbus aucuparia), a historical origin that continues to resonate in its nomenclature.
Functions and Applications:
1. **Preservative Properties:**
Sorbic Acid, due to its solubility in water, serves as an effective preservative, contributing to the preservation of various products.
2. **Food Ingredient and Additive:**
Widely employed as a food ingredient or additive in daily culinary practices, Sorbic Acid plays a significant role in enhancing the shelf life and safety of food products.
3. **Diverse Industrial Applications:**
Sorbic Acid finds extensive utility in the food, beverages, tobacco, pesticides, cosmetics, and other industries, leveraging its role as an unsaturated acid with versatile applications.
4. **Application in Resins, Spices, and Rubber Industry:**
Beyond the aforementioned sectors, Sorbic Acid extends its usage to the resins, spices, and rubber industries, showcasing its adaptability in diverse industrial processes.
Reference Dosage for Potassium Sorbate:
– Dosage is determined based on Sorbic Acid content.
– 1g Sorbic Acid is equivalent to 1.33g Potassium Sorbate.
– 1g Potassium Sorbate is equivalent to 0.746g Sorbic Acid, providing a reference point for accurate usage in food preservation.
Item | Standard |
|---|---|
Solubility in water | Freely soluble |
Solubility in ethanol | Slightly soluble |
Ultraviolet absorption | 227+2nm |
Test for potassium | Positive |
Precipitation test | Yellow precipitate |
Assay (Titration method) | 99.0-101.0% |
PH (1% solution) | 6.5-7.5 |
Loss on drying (105 °C,2h) | ?1.0% (105 °C,2hours) |
Organic impurities (HPLC) | ?20 mg/kg |
Impurity A** | ?0.125% |
Impurity B** | ?20 mg/kg |
Fluoride | ?3 mg/kg |
Heavy Metals | ?5 mg/kg |
Lead | ?1 mg/kg |
Arsenic | ?3 mg/kg |
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